Academic negative forms

A common feature of academic style is the avoidance of the words 'not' and 'any'. Instead, use 'little', 'few', and 'no' with the full, positive form of the verb.

 

Not much little

Spoken:
There is not much evidence of communication interference in office situations, where background noise is intermittent.
 
Formal academic:
There is little evidence of communication interference in office situations, where background noise is intermittent.
 

Not many few

Spoken:
This study did not observe many examples of product components being designed specifically for easy disassembly.
 
Formal academic:
This study observed few examples of product components being designed specifically for easy disassembly
 

Not No

Spoken:
This study did not observe any examples of product components being designed specifically for easy disassembly.
 
Formal academic:
This study observed no examples of product components being designed specifically for easy disassembly
 
 

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